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Pestabola Merdeka or Merdeka Tournament is a football tournament held in Malaysia to honour the Independence Day. The competition is named after the Malay word for independence. ==History== The Pestabola Merdeka is Asia`s oldest football tournament which invited football playing nations to compete since 1957.〔(Glory beckons Malaysia )〕〔(Seoul Times "Hari Merdeka" Observed in Seoul 2008.09.02. )〕〔(Asiaweek, Volume 16, Issues 27-51 )〕〔(Asia`s oldest football tournament )〕 While the tournament had been held annually from 1957 to 1988, it has been held only nine times from 1989 to 2013. During the late 1950s to early 1980s,it was a prestigious tournament among Asian nations because the participants sent their full senior players.〔(Memories of Pestabola Merdeka )〕 After the 1980s, it lost interest because many Asian nations focused more on the qualification phases in FIFA World Cup and AFC Asian Cup. The first edition of the Pestabola Merdeka was held in August and September 1957 with Hong Kong emerging inaugural champions. However, from then on it was purely dominated by Malaysia, South Korea, Myanmar, Indonesia and a host of other countries, including South American and European clubs. Malaysia lifted the trophy nine times since 1958, emerged runners-up on eight occasions, and shared the winner’s rostrum twice with South Korea (1960 and 1979), while the Koreans won it seven times. Indonesia, Taiwan and Myanmar also had their fair share of the accolades. The other champions were Morocco (1980), New Zealand (2000), Uzbekistan (2001), Czechoslovakia Olympic football team (1987) and also Austria’s with their represented SK Admira Wacker (1991), German club-Hamburger SV (1988), Argentina states-Buenos Aires XI (1983) and Brazil states-Santa Catarina XI (1982). While Brazilian states – Sao Paulo XI, Minas Gerais XI, and America FC Rio de Janeiro finished runners-up together with Japan and India in the 56 years history of the tournament. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Pestabola Merdeka」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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